Water-supply for buildings.



Patented July '25, I899.

E. A. LELAND. WATER SUPPLY FOR BUILDINGS.

(Applicstion filed 1131.25, 1899.)

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I nave/210;

UNITED STATE PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN A. LELAND, OF GREAT'BARRINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THELELAND FILTER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

WATER-SUPPLY FOR sultnmes.

srnorrrcntrronfomin part of Letters Patent No. 629,376,:1ated July 25-,1 899. Application filed January 25, 1899. Serial No. 703,378. on man.

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN A. LELAND, of Great Barrington, in the countyofBerkshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in the Water- Supply of Buildings; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectionalview of an apparatus made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a partialhorizontal sectional view taken in the line :r or of Fig. 1.

With the water-supply systems of dwellings and other buildings it hasheretofore been found impracticable to remedy two drawbacks to perfectlysatisfactory use. One of these lies in the passage with the water ofvarious mechanical impurities, insects,'larvze, decaying organicsubstances, and various mineral impurities. The other lies in thesocalled hammering which occurs when the movement of a volume of waterin a pipe or passage is suddenly checked and the liquid is caused torecoil upon itself, and consequently upon the contents of the main. Theobject of my invention is to provide efficient means for rectifyingthese objections; and it comprises certain novel and originalcombinations of parts whereby that object iseffectually attained.

A is the service-pipe, which in the usual or any suitable mannerconnects with the streetmain or other source of water-supply.

B is the usual or any suitable distributerpipe, through and from whichthe water is conducted for distribution through a building.

Interposed between and in connection with the pipes A and B is theapparatus included in my invention. In this latter, C is an inletchamber or passagewhich connects, as by passages a b, with the bottom ofa screenchamber D. To secure the best results, this screen-chamber is oftubular form, as shown in Fig. 1, and preferably of circular orcylindric cross-section. The upper end of this chamber connects with thedistributor-pipe B, as shown at 0. Located below the screenchamber is asediment-chamber E, so arranged that impurities or sediment having agreater specific gravity than water may descend and be deposited in saidsediment-chamber. In connection with the'inlet at G, preferablyimmediately above the same and in direct communication therewith, is anair chamber F. Placed within the screen-chamber D is a foraminatedscreen G,which is preferably made of wire-cloth. It is closed at its tope and is of such proportions that a space or passage f is providedbetween the screen and the snrrounding walls of the chamber 0. Thisspace or passage f is shut off from communication with the inlet fromthe source of water-supply except through the orifices or meshes of thescreen in other words, is constructed and arranged to receive within itthe volume of water from the inlet C on its way to the distributer-pipeB." This is most convenientlydone by providing the lower end of thescreen with a circumferential flange a, which is gripped between the twoparts b' c of the couplipgby'which the chamber 0 is connected with theparts below, as shown in Fig. 1. Placed within and bearing outwardlyagainst the inner surface of the screen D is a frame I, which may bemost conveniently and economically provided by a spiral wire having therequisite diameter of coil and thrust longitudinally within the chamber0 and resting snugly against the inner surface of the screen. The spiralwire thus affords an efiiective support from within against the reactionimpact of the reversed volume of water when the upward flow from theinlet 0 is arrested.

In the operation of the apparatus when the water is turned on at itsexit from the dis tributing-pipe the volume of water from the main orsource of supply passes through the passages O, a, and 19 into theinterior of the screen G, thence from within said screen outward throughthe orifices or interstices of thescreen into the space f between thescreen and the walls of the chamber D, and thence to thedistributer-pipe B. The water in its passage as just described hasseparated therefrom all impurities or foreign matter, which cannot passthrough the screenand which being thus separated from the water passedthrough the screen descend by gravity from the screen and are depositedin the sedimentchamber E below, from which they may be ICC removed asoccasion demands by removing 'retards the reacting or reversed volume ofWater; but this is alone inefficient for the practically entireprevention of hammering. For the latter purpose the air-chamber F comesinto play, inasmuch as the reversed vol ume of water when checked byresistance of the volume of water in the street-main or source of supplypasses to some extent into the air-chamber and being cushioned by theair therein weakens the reaction impact of the reversed current upon theresisting volume at the source of water-supply, this being accomplishedto an extent sufficient to prevent audible jar or vibration, in orthrough the system-in other words, to prevent any appreciable hammeringas a result of a sudden stoppage of the flow through or in thedelivery-pipe.

What I claim as my invention is The combination with the service-pipeand distributer-pipe of a water-supply system, of a tubular screen-chamber placed between said pipes, a tubular screen placed in saidchamber arranged to receive Within it the inlet-water and having a spacebetween itself and the walls of the chamber, a sedimentchamber below thescreen, and an air-chamber interposed between the screen and thewaterinlet from the service-pipe, substantially as herein set forth.

EDWVIN A. LELAND.

Witnesses:

HOWARD WHEELER, 0. O. BIDWELL.

